Power طاقة/ قدرة/ قوة                                      Strength = force قوة                                    Mind عقل                                                    Date تاريخ                                                   Incredible لا يصدق                                        Brain مخ                                                     Memory ذاكرة                                              Event حدث                                                 Ability قدرة                                                  Eyesight رؤية/ ابصار                                      Surprised مندهش                                           Surprising مذهل                                             Terrible فظيع                                                Photographic تصويري                                  Analyze=analyse يحلل                                   Breathe يتنفس                                               Breath النفس                                                Lungs الرئة                                                   In order to لكي                                            Digest يهضم                                                 Digestion الهضم                                           Hearing السمع                                              Sight الإبصار

Taste التذوق                                                 Smell الشم                                                   Rough خشن                                                Tastelessبلا طعم                                         Cellخلية                                                      Activity نشاط                                              Pain ألم                                                      Suffering معاناة                                            Powerful قوي                                              Temperatureدرجة حرارة                               Patient مريض                                              Medicalطبي                                                Treatmentعلاج/ رعاية                                   Medicine أدوية/ طب                                     Complainيشتكي                                           Guessيخمن                                                 Opinion رأي                                               Receive يستقبل                                             Send يرسل                                                  Facts حقائق                                                  Complexمعقد                                               Explain يشرح                                                Weigh يزن

 

weight وزن                                                  Store يخزن                                                   Senses الحواس                                               Trick خدعة/ خلية                                             Amazing مذهل                                              Magicسحري                                                 Ugly قبيح                                                      Sourلاذع                                                     Interrupt يقاطع                                             Memorize يتذكر                                           Storeيخزن                                                    Removeيزيل                                                Forgetينسى                                                  Sharp حاد                                                   Bluntغير حاد                                                Smoothناعم                                                Deliciousلذيذ                                               Message رسالة                                              x-rayاشعة اكس

Pronounce ينطق                                          Dictionaryقاموس                                          Kind-heartedطيب القلب                                 Professorأستاذ جامعي                                      Immediatelyفي الحال                                    Controlيتحكم / يسيطر                                    Probablyمن المحتمل                                      Humanبشري                                              Humanityبشرية                                           Complicatedمعقد                                         Passwordكلمة السر                                       Relaxedمسترخي                                           Worryقلق                                                     Languageلغة                                                Fantasticرائع                                                Sailingابحار                                                   Similarمتشابه                                                   Differentمختلف                                            Suggestion اقتراح

 

Vocabulary

 

·       Power (n.) ability, force that may be used  for doing work , strength

·       Mind (n.) a person’s way of thinking or feeling , thoughts.

·       Password (n.) a keyword that is selected by a user to protect files from unauthorized access.

·       Date (n.) time shown by one or more of the following: the number of the day, the month, and the year.

·       Incredible (adj.) to strange to be believed, unbelieved. Incredibly (adv.)

·       Brain (n.) the organ of the body in the upper part of the head which controls thought and feeling.

·       Memory (n.) an ability to remember events and experience.

·       Photographic (adj.) concerning, got up, or used in producing photographs.

·       Eyesight (n.) the power of seeing.

·       Terrible (adj.) very sever indeed.

·       Surprised (adj.) surprised by an surprising event.

·       Surprising (adj.) causing surprise. Surprisingly (adv.)

·       Surprise (v.) to cause surprise. To come on or attack when unprepared

·       Ex) The news surprised me.

·       Analyse = analyze (v.) to examine something carefully in order to find out about it.

·       Breathe (v.) to take air into the lungs and send it out again.

·       Breath (n.) air taken into and breathed out of the lungs.

·       Cell (n.) a very small division of living matter, with one centre of activity.

·       Pain (n.) suffering , great discomfort of the body or mind.

·       Pain (v.) hurt. To cause to feel pain .

·       Powerful (adj.) having great power, very strong, full of force. Powerfully (adv.) ≠ powerless (adj.)

·       Temperature (n.) The degree of heat or coldness.

·       Patient (n.) a person receiving medical treatment from a doctor or / and in a hospital.

·       Patient (adj.) having or showing the ability to bear long waiting or anything unpleasant , calmly and without complaining.                                            Patiently (adv.) ≠impatient (adj.)

·       Guess (v.) to form a judgment or risk giving an opinion without knowing or considering all the facts.

·       Receive (v.) To get. To welcome. To accept as a visitor or member.

·       Send (v.) To cause or order a person or thing to go somewhere without going there oneself.

·       Complex (adj.) difficult to understand or explain.

·       Powerful (adj.) having great power, very strong, full of force. Having a strong effect. ≠ powerless

·       Weigh (v.) To find the weight of (something) by a machine.

·       Weight (n.) The heaviness of anything measured by a certain system.

·       Brain (n.) The organ of the body in the upper part of the head which controls thought and feeling.

·       Cell (n.) one small part of a larger whole. A very small division of living matter.

·       Sense (n.) power to understand and make judgments about something. Any of the five senses.

·       Ex) smell, taste.

·       Analyse = analyze (v.) To examine (something) carefully in order to find out about it.

·       Analysis (n.) an examination of something together with thoughts and judgments about it.

·       Store (v.) To keep somewhere for future use.

·       Digestion (n.) power of digesting food.

·       Digest (v.) To be changed into a form that the body can use.

·       Hearing (n.) the sense by which one hears sound.

·       Sight (n.) the power of seeing.

·       Taste (n.) the sensation of saltiness, sweetness, bitterness that is produced when food or drink is put in the mouth.

·       Smell (n.) the power of using the nose, a quickly that has an effect on the nose.

·       Rough (adj.) having an uneven surface, not smooth.

·       Tasteless (adj.) having no taste, having or showing poor taste.

·       Cell (n.) a very small division of living matter, with one centre of activity nucleus, able alone or with others to perform all the operations necessary for life.

·       Activity (n.) movement, action, something that is done or being done.

·       Pain (n.) suffering, great discomfort of the body or mind.

·       Suffering (n.) an experience of pain or difficulty.

·       Powerful (adj.) having great power , very strong, full of force, having a strong effect.

·       Temperature (n.) the degree of heat or coldness.

·       Patient (n.) a person receiving medical treatment from a doctor in a hospital.

·       Medical (adj.) concerning medicine and treating the sick.

·       Medicine (n.) a substance used for treating disease, especially a liquid which is drunk. The science of treating and understanding disease.

·       Complain (v.) to express feelings of annoyance, pain, unhappiness, annoyed, dissatisfied way.

·       Guess (v.) to form a judgment or risk giving an opinion without knowing or considering all the facts.

·       Opinion (n.) what a person’s think about something.

·       Receive (n.) to get.

·       Send (v.) to cause or order a person or thing to go somewhere without going there oneself.

·       Facts (n.) something that has actually happened or is happening, something known to be, or accepted as being, true, the truth.

·       Complex (adj.) difficult to understand or explain, consisting of many closely connected parts.

·       Explain (v.) to give the meaning of something, make something clear, by speaking or writing.

·       Weigh (v.) to find the weight of especially by a machine.

·       Weight (n.) the heaviness of anything especially as measured by a certain system, amount which something weighs.

·       Store (v.) to keep somewhere for future use.

·       Sense (n.) power to understand and make judgments about something, any of the five senses.

·       Trick (n.) an act needing special skill especially done to confuse or amuse. Something done to deceive or make someone look stupid.

·       Amazing (adj.) causing great surprise or wonder because of quantity or quality.

·       Magic (n.) the art of a theatrical performer who produces unexpected objects and results by tricks.

·       Ugly (adj.) unpleasant to see, very unpleasant.

·       Sour (adj.) having the taste that is not bitter, salty or sweet and is produced especially by acids.

·       Interrupt (v.) to break the flow of speech of someone by saying something.

·       Memorize (v.) to learn and remember on purpose.

·       Forget (v.) to fail to remember.

·       Remove (v.) to take away from a place, get rid of.

·       Sharp (adj.) having a thin cutting edge or a fine point.

·       Blunt (adj.) not sharp.

·       Smooth (adj.) having an even surface, not rough.

·       Delicious (adj.) pleasing to one of the body’s senses especially those of taste or smell.

·       Message (n.) a spoken or written piece of information passed from one person to another.

·       Remember (v.) to keep in the memory, call back into the mind.

·       Remind (v.) to tell or cause someone to remember a fact or to do something.

·       Mention (v.) to tell about in a few words, spoken or written.

·       X-ray (n.) a powerful unseen beam of light which can pass through substances that are not transparent and which is used especially for photographing medical conditions inside the body.

·       Perhaps (adv.) it may be, possibly.

·       Sunlight (n.) natural light from the sun.

·       Vocabulary (n.)  all the words known to a particular person. A list of words usually in alphabetical order and with explanations of their meanings.

·       Pronounce (v.) to make the sound of a letter, a word.

·       Dictionary (n.) a book that gives a list of words in alphabetical order , with their meanings in the same or another language.

·       Kind-hearted (adj.) having or showing a kind nature.

·       Professor (n.) the title of a teacher of the highest rank in a university department.

·       Immediately (adv.) at once.

·       Control (v.) to direct, fix the time, amount, degree.

·       Probably (adv.) has a good of being true or correct, likely.

·       Human (n.) man, woman, child.

·       Humanity (n.) the quality of being human.

·       Complicated (adj.) difficult to understand or deal with.

·       Password (n.) a secret word or phrase which one has to say in order to be allowed to enter a building, camp.

·       Relaxed (adj.) to be less active or less worried.

·       Worry (n.) a cause of feeling of anxiety.

·       Excited (adj.) full of strong, pleasant feelings, not calm.

·       Language (n.) the system of human expression by means of words in speech or writing.

·       Fantastic (adj.) odd, strange, or wild in shape, wonderful, very good.

·       Sailing (n.) the skill of directing the course of a ship .The sport of riding in or directing a small boat with sail.

·       Different (adj.) unlike, not of the same kind.

·       Similar (adj.) like or alike, of the same kind.

·       Suggestion (n.) the act of suggesting.

·       Suggest (v.) to say or write an idea to be considered.

 

Reading

 

Read and answer:

 

You have 100,000,000,000 of these!

 

1- You have something that is more complex than the most powerful computer. With it you can see and smell flowers, remember holidays, feel pain, hear your favourite singer’s voice and think. This thing, which is in your head and weighs a kilo, is your brain.

         

2- Your brain has about a hundred billion (100,000,000,000) cells, and controls everything you do. It receives information from your senses, analyses it,  then sends messages. For example, when you put your hand in hot water, you think “ That hurts” and you take your hand out of the water. Your brain receives the message “very hot” from your hand , then immediately sends a message back to your hand, “ take your hand out of the water”.

         

3- Our senses often work together. For example, try experiment. Cut a piece of apple, banana, and orange. Close your eyes, hold your nose, then taste the fruit. Can you taste the difference between the fruits? Probably not. This is because when you eat something, your brain receives messages from your mouth, eyes and nose.

 

4- Your brain also stores past memories and this makes learning and remembering possible. At the same time, your brain controls your breathing, your heart, your body temperature and your digestion.

 

 

 

 

          

 

Read and match: Read about the human brain and match the headings with the correct paragraphs. You don’t need to use one.

 

 

A           The importance of all the senses.

 

B          Brains compared with computers.

 

C          Examples of what the brain can do.

 

D          The problem of brain damage.

 

E         How the brain controls what we do.

 

 

Read and complete:            S.B. p.13

Use the correct words from :

 (analyse- breathe- cells- pain- powerful- temperature)

1.    ………….. are the smallest parts of animals and plants.

 

2.    Doctors need to ………… the results of tests on their patients.

 

3.    After I had fallen over, I had a terrible …………… in my right leg.

 

4.    Normal human body ………………is usually 37 ˚C.

 

5.    If you want to relax, it helps if you ………… slowly.

 

 

 

Grammar

 

 

 

If

 

1) If                present simple               will+V.inf

Ex) If someone point a gun at me, I will be frightened.

2) If                past simple                     would+V.inf

Ex) If someone pointed a gun at me, I would be frightened.

3) If                 past perfect                    would+ have+P.P

Ex) If someone had pointed a gun at me, I would have been frightened.

4) If                present simple                 present simple

Ex) If the water boils, it vaborates.

5) If not = Unless (the same cases)

 

 

 

Examples

* Tom would be very angry if I didn’t visit him.

* If we didn’t go to their party next week, they would be angry.

* If I were you, I wouldn’t buy that coat.

* If he had had enough money, he would have bought the car.

* I would have gone out if I hadn’t been so tired.

* If we had played better, we would have won.

* If you stopped smoking, you would feel healthier.

* If I find your lighter, I will give it to you.

* Unless you work harder, you are not going to pass the examination.

* We will be late unless we hurry.

* Don’t tell Ann what I said unless she asks you.

* I’ll come tomorrow unless I have to work.

* Joe can’t hear unless you shout.

* Joe can hear only if you shout.

 

Writing

 

Read the letter you received from your friend. Write a reply to it.

 

 

 

                                         111 Hussein Wassef Street

                                         Messaha square

                                          Cairo

                                          14 October

 

Dear………………..

How are you? I hope you are well. I’m writing to ask you for some advice. I did very badly in my last English test because I didn’t know enough words and phrases. My parents were very disappointed.

The problem is that I’m terrible at learning and remembering vocabulary. What would you suggest?

I hope you can help me.

Best wishes,

……………….

 

 

Speaking

 

Discuss these questions about the ways of learning vocabulary.

1-    How many words or phrases should you learn at the same time?

2-    Does it help to learn words in phrases or sentences? How?

3-    Can pictures help you to remember words? How?

4-    How can you remember how to spell difficult words?

5-    What is the best way to learn how to pronounce words correctly?

6-    Does it help to write lists of words you want to learn? How?

7-    Do you use a vocabulary book? How?

8-    Can a dictionary help? How?

9-    Can friends help you? How?

 

Exercises